Teaching–learning-based optimization algorithm: analysis study and its application

The teaching–learning-based optimization (TLBO) algorithm is a novel nature-based optimization approach that has attracted a lot of interest from researchers because of its great capacity to handle optimization problems. This method is built on a teaching and learning philosophy that is used to efficiently tackle multidimensional, linear, and nonlinear problems. The fundamentals of the TLBO algorithm have recently been updated by many researchers to improve its exploration and exploitation capabilities as well as performance. Therefore, the effective TLBO algorithm investigations over the last 5 years are reviewed in this publication. The structure of TLBO algorithms was first explained. Then, the implementation and the enhanced TLBO were examined and discussed in various areas such as engineering, electrical engineering, technology and science, mechanical design, artificial intelligence, classification problem, healthcare, and economics. Finally, we discussed our perspectives on TLBO's open difficulties and challenges, as well as future areas of research.